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//-->1WORLDCOINS2011 Standard Catalog of®2001-DateThomas MichaelMarket AnalystDeborah McCueDatabase SpecialistGeorge CuhajEditor - New IssuesMerna DudleyCoordinating EditorHarry MillerU.S. Market AnalystKay SandersEditorial AssistantSpecial ContributorsMelvyn KassenoffMichel LabourdetteOle SjoelandWakim WakimBullion Value (VB) Market ValuationsValuations for all platinum, gold, palladium and silver coins of the more common, basically bullion types, or thosepossessing only modest numismatic premiums are presented in this edition based on the market ranges of:$1,450 -$1,650per ounce forplatinum375 -$475per ounce forpalladium$$1100 -$1250per ounce forgold$17.50 -$20.00per ounce forsilver2©2010 Krause Publications, Inc., a divison of F+W Media, Inc.Published byOur toll-free number to place an order is (800) 258-0929.All rights reserved. No portion of this publication may be reproduced ortransmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrievalsystem, without permission in writing from the publisher, except by areviewer who may quote brief passages in a critical article or review tobe printed in a magazine or newspaper, or electronically transmitted onradio, television, or the Internet.ISSN 1935-4339ISBN-13: 978-1-4402-1160-7ISBN-10: 1-4402-1160-4Designed by: Stacy BlochEdited by: Debbie BradleyPrinted in the United States of AmericaACKNOWLEDGMENTS3ACKNOWLEDGMENTSMany individuals have contributed countless changes, which have been incorporated into the current edition. While all may not beacknowledged, special appreciation is extended to the following who have exhibited a special enthusiasm for this edition.David AddeyEsko AhlrothJames T. AndersonRaul AriesAdrian AtamanAntonio AlessandriniOksana BandrivskaYuri BarshayAlbert BeckAnton BelcevJan BendixRichard BensonAllen G. BermanSharon BlockerJoseph BolingK.N. BoonAl BoulangerMahdi BseisoChris BudesaJohn T. BucekDoru CalinIgnacio CalvoRaul ChirilaMichael Hans Lun ChouLuis V. CostaRaymond E. CzahorHoward A. Daniel IIIKonstantinos DelliosKrassy DimitrovYossi DotanJames R. DouglasDr. Jan M. DyroffStephen EcclesAndrzej FischerThomas FitzgeraldEugene FreemanArthur FriedburgTom GalwayDavid R. GotkinMarcel HäberlingEdward HackneyJ. HalfpennyLiliana N. HanganuFlemming Lyngbeck HansenDavid HarrisonMartin Rodney HayterIstvan HegedusFrans HellendallSerge HuardArmen HovsepianNelva G. IcazaTon JacobsA.K. JainHector Carlos JansonAlex KaglyanMelvyn KassenoffCraig KeplingerRob LooyAditya KulkarniMichel LabourdetteSamson Kin Chiu LaiAlex LazaroviciRudi LotterMa Tak WoMiguel Angel Pratt MayansPhil McLoughlinDimitar MihovJuozas MinikeviciusAndy MirskiRobert MishIng. Benjamin M. Mizrachi R.Dr. Richard MontreyPaul MontzEdward MoschettiArkady NakhimovskyMichael G. NielsenBill NicholsGus PappasJanusz ParchimowiczDick ParkerFrank PassicMartin PeetersMarc PelletierKirsten F. PetersenAndreas PitsillidesGastone PolaccoElena PopMartin PurdyLuis R. Ponte PuigboYahya QureshiMircea RaicopolDr. Dennis G. RaineyIvan RakitinIlan RinetzkyWilliam M. RosenblumEgon Conti RossiniPabitra K. SahaRemy SaidLeon SaryanErwin SchäfferJacco ScheperGerhard SchönGeorge SchumacherDr. Wolfgang SchusterAlexander ShapiroLadislav SinOle SjoelundBenjamin SwagertySteven TanMehmet Tolga TanerAnthony TumonisErik J. Van LoonCarmen ViciedoWakim WakimPaul WelzStewart WestdalJ. Brix WestergaardJ. Hugh WitherowIshagh YousefzadehJoseph ZaffernAUCTION HOUSESDix-Noonan-WebbHeritage World Coin AuctionsHess-Divo Ltd.Gerhard HirschThomas Høiland MøntauktionFritz Rudolf KünkerLeu Numismatik AGMPO AuctionsMünzenhandlung Harald Möller,GmbHNoble Numismatics, Pty. Ltd.Ponterio & AssociatesStack’sUBS, AGWorld Wide Coins of CaliforniaWORLD MINTS, CENTRAL BANKS AND DISTRIBUTORSAustrian MintBanco de MexicoBanque Centrale DuLuxembourgBlack Mountain CoinsCasa de la Moneda de CubaCentral Bank of D.P.R. Korea -Kumbyol Trading Corp.Central Bank of the RussianFederationCITCzech National BankEducational Coin CompanyFaude & HugueninGlobal Coins & Medals Ltd. -Official Sales Company ofthe Bulgarian MintImprensa Nacional - Casa daMoeda, S.A.Israel Coins & Medals Corp.Istituto Poligrafico e Zeccadello Stato I.p.A.Jablonex Group - Division ofCzech MintJapan MintKazakhstan MintKOMSCO - South KoreaLatvijas BankaLietuvos BankasLithuanian MintMagyar Penzvero Zrt.MDMMennica PolskaMincovna KremnicaMint of Finland, Ltd.Mint of NorwayMonnaie de ParisMoscow MintNational Bank of the Republicof BelarusNational Bank of UkraineNew Zealand MintNew Zealnad PostNumiscomNumistrade Gmbh & Co. kg.Omni Trading B.V.Perth MintPobjoy MintReal Casa de la Moneda - SpainRoyal MintRoyal Australian MintRoyal Belgian MintRoyal Canadian MintRoyal Dutch MintRoyal Thai MintServei D’Emissions PrincipatD’AndorraSingapore MintSouth African MintStaatliche Munze BerlinStaatliche Munze Baden-WurttembergTalisman CoinsThailand Treasury DepartmentUfficio Filatelico e Numismatico- VaticanUnited States Mint4HOW TO USE THIS CATALOGHOW TO USE THIS CATALOGThis catalog is designed to serve the needs of both the novice and advancedcollectors. It is generally arranged so that persons with no more than a basic knowl-edge of world history and a casual acquaintance with coin collecting can consult itwith confidence and ease. The following explanations summarize the general prac-tices used in preparing this catalog's listings.Some coins carry dates according to both locally observed and Christian eras. Thisis particularly true in the Arabic world, where the Hejira date may be indicated in Arabicnumerals and the Christian date in Western numerals, or both dates in either form.HEJIRA DATE CONVERSION CHARTHEJIRA (Hijira, Hegira), the name of the Muslim era (A.H. = Anno Hegirae)dates back to the Christian year 622 when Mohammed “fled” from Mecca, escapingto Medina to avoid persecution from the Koreish tribemen. Based on a lunar yearthe Muslim year is 11 days shorter.*=Leap Year (Christian Calendar)The date actually carried on a given coin is generally cataloged here in the firstcolumn (Date) to the right of the catalog number. If this date is by a non-Christiandating system, such as 'AH' (Muslim), the Christian equivalent date will appear inparentheses(), for example AH1336(1917). Dates listed alone in the date columnwhich do not actually appear on a given coin, or dates which are known, but do notappear on the coin, are generally enclosed by parentheses with 'ND' at the left, forexample ND(2001).Timing differentials between some era of reckoning, particularly the 354-dayMohammedan and 365-day Christian years, cause situations whereby coins whichcarry dates for both eras exist bearing two year dates from one calendar combinedwith a single date from another.Countermarked Coinage is presented with both ‘Countermark Date’ and ‘HostCoin’ date for each type. Actual date representation follows the rules outlined above.ARRANGEMENTCountries are arranged alphabetically. Political changes within a country arearranged chronologically. In countries where Rulers are the single most significantpolitical entity, a chronological arrangement by Ruler has been employed. Distinctivesub-geographic regions are listed alphabetically following the country’s main listings.Diverse coinage types relating to fabrication methods, revaluations, denomina-tion systems, non-circulating categories and such have been identified, separatedand arranged in logical fashion. Chronological arrangement is employed for mostcirculating coinage. Monetary reforms will flow in order of their institution. Non-cir-culating types such as Essais, Pieforts, Patterns, Trial Strikes, Mint and Proof setswill follow the main listings.Within a coinage type coins will be listed by denomination, from smallest to largest.Numbered types within a denomination will be ordered by their first date of issue.IDENTIFICATIONThe most important step in the identification of a coin is the determination of thenation of origin. This is generally easily accomplished where English-speakinglands are concerned, however, use of the country index is sometimes required.The coins of many countries beyond the English-language realm, such as those ofFrench, Italian or Spanish heritage, are also quite easy to identify through reference totheir legends, which appear in the national languages based on Western alphabets. Inmany instances the name is spelled exactly the same in English as in the national lan-guage, such as France; while in other cases it varies only slightly, like Italia for Italy, Bel-gique or Belgie for Belgium, Brasil for Brazil and Danmark for Denmark.This is not always the case, however, as in Norge for Norway, Espana forSpain, Sverige for Sweden and Helvetia for Switzerland. Coins bearing Cyrillic let-tering are attributable to Bulgaria, Russia, the Slavic states and Mongolia; theGreek script peculiar to Greece, Crete and the Ionian Islands; the Amharic charac-ters of Ethiopia; or Hebrew in the case of Israel.The toughra monogram, occurs on some of the coins of Afghanistan, Egypt, Sudan,Pakistan, and Turkey. A predominant design feature on the coins of Nepal is the trident;while neighboring Tibet features a lotus blossom or lion on many of their issues.DENOMINATIONSThe second basic consideration to be met in the attribution of a coin is thedetermination of denomination. Since denominations are usually expressed innumeric rather than word form on a coin, this is usually quite easily accomplishedon coins from nations which use Western numerals, except in those instanceswhere issues are devoid of any mention of face value, and denomination must beattributed by size, metallic composition or weight. Coins listed in this volume aregenerally illustrated in actual size.The sphere of countries stretching from North Africa through the Orient, onwhich numeric symbols generally unfamiliar to Westerners are employed, often pro-vide the collector with a much greater challenge. This is particularly true on nearlyall pre-20th Century issues. On some of the more modern issues and increasinglyso as the years progress, Western-style numerals usually presented in combinationwith the local numeric system are becoming more commonplace on these coins.The included table of Standard International Numeral Systems presents chartsof the basic numeric designations found on coins of non-Western origin. Althoughdenomination numerals are generally prominently displayed on coins, it must beremembered that these are general representations of characters, which individualcoin engravers may have rendered in widely varying styles. Where numeric orscript denominations designation forms peculiar to a given coin or country apply,such as the script used on some Persian (Iranian) issues. They are so indicated orillustrated in conjunction with the appropriate listings.DATINGCoin dating is the final basic attribution consideration. Here, the problem can bemore difficult because the reading of a coin date is subject not only to the vagariesof numeric styling, but to calendar variations caused by the observance of variousreligious eras or regal periods from country to country, or even within a country.Here again, with the exception of the sphere from North Africa through the Orient, itwill be found that most countries rely on Western date numerals and Christian (AD)era reckoning, although in a few instances, coin dating has been tied to the year ofa reign or government. The Vatican, for example dates its coinage according to theyear of reign of the current pope, in addition to the Christian-era date.Countries in the Arabic sphere generally date their coins to the Muslim era (AH).The following table indicates the year dating for the various eras, which corre-spond to 2009 in Christian calendar reckoning, but it must be remembered thatthere are overlaps between the eras in some instances.Christian era (AD)-2010Muslim era (AH)-AH1431Solar year (SH)-SH1388Monarchic Solar era (MS)-MS2569Vikrama Samvat (VS)-VS2067Saka era (SE)-SE1932Buddhist era (BE)-BE2553Bangkok era (RS)-RS229Chula-Sakarat era (CS)-CS1372Ethiopian era (EE)-EE2003Korean era-4343Javanese Aji Saka era (AS)-AS1943Fasli era (FE)-FE1420Jewish era (JE)-JE5770More detailed guides to less prevalent coin dating systems, which are strictlylocal in nature, are presented with the appropriate listings.AH Hejira1420142114221423142414251426142714281429143014311432143314341435AD Christian Date1999, April 172000, April 6*2001, March 262002, March 152003, March 52004, February 22*2005, February 102006, January 312007, January 202008, January 10*2008, December 292009, December 182010, December 82011, November 27*2012, November 152013, November 5AH Hejira143614371438143914401441144214431444144514461447144814491450AD Christian Date2014, October 252015, October 15*2016, October 32017, September 222018, September 122019, September 11*2020, August 202021, August 102022, July 302023, July 19*2024, July 82025, June 272026, June 172027, June 6*2028, May25MINTAGESQuantities minted of each date are indicated where that information is available,generally stated in millions or rounded off to the nearest 10,000 pieces when moreexact figures are not available. On quantities of a few thousand or less, actual mint-ages are generally indicated. For combined mintage figures the abbreviation “Inc.Above” means Included Above, while “Inc. Below” means Included Below. “Est.”beside a mintage figure indicates the number given is an estimate or mintage limit.METALSEach numbered type listing will contain a description of the coins metallic con-tent. The traditional coinage metals and their symbolic chemical abbreviationssometimes used in this catalog are:Platinum - (PT)Copper - (Cu)Gold - (Au)Brass -Silver - (Ag)Copper-nickel- (CN)Billion -Lead - (Pb)Nickel - (Ni)Steel -Zinc - (Zn)Tin - (Sn)Bronze - (Ae)Aluminum - (Al)Modern commemorative coins have employed still more unusual methods suchas bimetallic coins, color applications and precious metal or gem inlays.PRECIOUS METAL WEIGHTSListings of weight, fineness and actual silver (ASW), gold (AGW), platinum orpalladium (APW) content of most machine-struck silver, gold, platinum and palla-dium coins are provided in this edition. This information will be found incorporatedin each separate type listing, along with other data related to the coin.The ASW, AGW or APW figure can be multiplied by the spot price of each pre-cious metal to determine the current intrinsic value of any coin accompanied bythese designations.As the silver and gold bullion markets have advanced and declined sharply overthe years, the fineness and total precious metal content of coins has become espe-cially significant where bullion coins - issues which trade on the basis of their intrin-sic metallic content rather than numismatic value - are concerned. In manyinstances, such issues have become worth more in bullion form than their nominalcollector values or denominations indicate.BULLION VALUEThe simplest method for determining the bullion value of a precious metal coinis to multiply the actual precious metal weight by the current spot price for that
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